PART 13: Disorders of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
279 Acute Kidney Injury
 | Figure 279-1 Classification of the major causes of acute kidney injury. ACE-1, angiotensin-converting enzyme 1; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; TTP-HUS, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome. |
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 | Figure 279-2 Intrarenal Mechanisms for Autoregulation of the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) under Decreased Perfusion Pressure and Reduction of the GFR by Drugs. Panel A shows normal conditions and a normal GFR. Panel B shows reduced perfusion pressure within the autoregulatory range. Normal... |
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 | Figure 279-3 Major causes of intrinsic acute kidney injury. ATN, acute tubular necrosis; DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; HTN, hypertensive nephropathy; MTX, methotrexate; PCN, penicillin; TTP/HUS, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome; TINU, tubulointerstitial nephritis-uveitis. |
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 | Figure 279-4 Interacting microvascular and tubular events contributing to the pathophysiology of ischemic acute kidney injury. PGE2, prostaglandin E2. (From J Am Soc Nephrol 14:2199, 2003.) |
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 | Figure 279-5 Anatomic sites and causes of obstruction leading to postrenal acute kidney injury. |
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 | Figure 279-6 Interpretation of urinary sediment findings in acute kidney injury. GN, glomerulonephritis; RTE, renal tubular epithelial. [Adapted from L Yang, JV Bonventre: Diagnosis and clinical evaluation of acute kidney injury. In Comprehensive Nephrology, 4th ed. J Floege et al (eds). Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2010.] |
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